Yazar "Majeed, Muhammad Tariq" seçeneğine göre listele

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    Considering the asymmetric effect of financial deepening on environmental quality in BRICS economies: Policy options for the green economy
    (Elsevier Sci Ltd, 2022) Li, Xiaolong; Ozturk, Ilhan; Majeed, Muhammad Tariq; Hafeez, Muhammad; Ullah, Sana
    This study aims to estimate the nexus between financial deepening and environmental quality in Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa (BRICS) economies by using the data over 1990-2019. For analysis, we relied on panel linear and nonlinear autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL). Three different variables i.e. financial deepening index, financial institution deepening, and financial market deepening are used to represent financial deepening in BRICS countries. In the long run, our linear models confirmed the positive role of financial deepening in improving environmental quality. Conversely, the symmetric estimates of financial institution deepening and financial market deepening are positively significant implying that both these measures cause the CO2 emissions to rise, thus hurts the environmental quality in BRICS in long run. In the non-linear models, the positive shock in all the measures of financial deepening increases the CO2 emissions while the negative shock deteriorates the CO2 emissions, in all three models, in the long run. In the short-run, the variables of financial deepening provide mixed results during linear and non-linear analysis. Moreover, CO2 emissions respond asymmetrically to a positive and negative change in financial deepening in the long run only. Although financial deepening in the BRICS economies helps reduce the CO2 emissions, the BRICS are still among the top ten emitters of the world. Therefore, the role of financial deepening should be further enhanced in achieving a sustainable environment.
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    Decoupling and decomposition analysis of environmental impact from economic growth: a comparative analysis of Pakistan, India, and China
    (Springer, 2021) Ozturk, Ilhan; Majeed, Muhammad Tariq; Khan, Sher
    The dispute between economic growth and greenhouse gas emissions is one of the major challenges of the twenty-first century. The central issue of the emerging economies revolves around the decoupling of economic growth and the rising carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. This study examines the decoupling the CO2 emissions from the economic growth through the employment of the Tapio decoupling index and decomposition of CO2 emissions into its pre-determined factors through the Log Mean Divisia Index (LMDI) decomposition technique for Pakistan, India, and China (PIC) for a time span of 1990-2014. The findings of the Tapio elasticity analysis depict that in a few years, environmental impact has been seen to be decoupled from the economic growth in the respective PIC countries. However, relatively Pakistan experienced expensive negative decoupling; India mostly experienced weak decoupling and expensive coupling, while China exhibited weak decoupling in multiple years. In addition, the analysis of Tapio decoupling elasticity showed that energy intensity is the key factor supporting the decoupling in PIC countries, while population, affluence (GDP per capita) and energy structure have weakened the progress of decoupling. Furthermore, the analysis of the LMDI decomposition suggested that population, energy structure and affluence in PIC countries increase the CO2 emissions, while energy intensity reduces CO2 emissions, while mixed effects are reflected by carbon intensity.
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    Do technological innovations have symmetric or asymmetric effects on environmental quality? Evidence from Pakistan
    (Elsevier Sci Ltd, 2021) Ullah, Sana; Ozturk, Ilhan; Majeed, Muhammad Tariq; Ahmad, Waheed
    Technological innovation has played an important role in the socio-economic development of societies but, this development has come with some potential hazards to the environment. To do so, we use annual time series data over the period 1990-2018 to measure the symmetric and asymmetric effects of technology innovation on carbon emissions for Pakistan. In estimates of linear ARDL model, we found patent (trademark) has negative (positive) short-run symmetric effects on carbon emissions that have been changed into the long-run symmetric insignificant effects in Pakistan. However, when we employed a nonlinear ARDL model, we found the positive and negative shock of the patent has insignificant short-run asymmetric effects while the positive shock of the trademark has an insignificant and negative shock of the trademark has negative significant effects on carbon emissions in the short run. Our findings have been changed into the long-run asymmetric effects in Pakistan. Overall, the results show that asymmetric effects exist between technology innovation and carbon emissions in the long run. Therefore, this empirical research is applicable to policymakers in Pakistan as well as developing economies.
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    Does inflation instability affect environmental pollution? Fresh evidence from Asian economies
    (Sage Publications Ltd, 2021) Ahmad, Waheed; Ullah, Sana; Ozturk, Ilhan; Majeed, Muhammad Tariq
    The present study examines the linkage between inflation instability and pollution emissions for the 40 Asian economies over the period of 1990-2018. However, a limited number of researches investigate the linkage between inflation instability and the environment. For empirical analysis, econometric methods namely cross-sectional test statistics for examining the dependency, cross-sectionally augmented Dickey-Fuller (CADF) and cross-sectional Im, Pesaran, and Shin (CIPS) for the panel unit root, Westerlund technique for the long-run relationship, and Fully Modified Ordinary Least Square (FMOLS) to estimate the long-run coefficients have adopted. Additionally, the Dumitrescu and Hurlin panel causality test is applied to investigate the causal nexus among the panel data series. The empirical finding depicts that inflation instability improves environmental performance implying that higher price volatility creates uncertainty that discourages investment projects and consumption, hence improves environmental quality. However, the results indicate that financial development stimulates pollution emissions and degrades environmental condition. Based on these findings, the study opens up innovative intuitions for policymakers to support a robust role of economic stability in attaining targets relevant to pollution reduction.
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    Environmental degradation and population health outcomes: a global panel data analysis
    (2020) Öztürk, İlhan; Majeed, Muhammad Tariq
    This study investigates the relationship between environmental degradation and population health using a global panel data of 180 countries from 1990 to 2016. The empirical analysis is conducted using fixed-effects approach based on Hausman test. Moreover, two-stage least squares (2SLS) and system-generalized method of moments (SGMM) are used to deal with the endogenous nature of environmental degradation. The indicators of life expectancy and infant mortality are used to measure population health, whereas environmental degradation is measured by CO2 emissions. The empirical findings show that environmental degradation negatively influences population health outcomes. It implies that countries having a high level of environmental degradation experience low life expectancy and high infant mortality rates. Findings of the study suggest that healthrelated reforms need to be aligned with policies which ensure lower environmental degradation.
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    Evaluating the asymmetric effects of nuclear energy on carbon emissions in Pakistan
    (Korean Nuclear Soc, 2022) Majeed, Muhammad Tariq; Ozturk, Ilhan; Samreen, Isma; Luni, Tania
    Achieving sustainable development requires an increasing share of green technologies. World energy demand is expected to rise significantly especially in developing economies. The increasing energy demands will be entertained with conventional energy sources at the cost of higher emissions unless ecofriendly technologies are used. This study examines the asymmetric effects of nuclear energy on carbon emissions for Pakistan from 1974 to 2019. Augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF) and Phillips Perron (PP) unit root tests suggest that variables are integrated of order one and bound test of Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) and nonlinear ARDL confirm a long-run relationship among selected variables. The ARDL, Fully Modified Ordinary Least Squares (FMOLS), and Dynamic Ordinary Least Squares (DOLS) results show that the coefficient of nuclear energy has a negative and significant impact on emissions in both short and long run. Further, the NARDL finding shows that there exists an asymmetric long-run association between nuclear energy and CO2 emissions. The vector error correction method (VECM) results indicate that there exists a bidirectional causal relationship between nuclear energy and carbon emissions in both the short and long run. Additionally, the impact of nuclear energy on ecological footprint has been examined and our findings remain robust. (c) 2021 Korean Nuclear Society, Published by Elsevier Korea LLC. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
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    How do remittances affect environmental sustainability in Pakistan? Evidence from NARDL approach
    (Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd, 2022) Ahmad, Waheed; Ozturk, Ilhan; Majeed, Muhammad Tariq
    The inflow of remittances shows a significant impact on contributing to the output growth of the economy; it has a multidimensional impact on output growth and also a linkage with carbon dioxide emissions oCO(2) e thorn . The present study examines the symmetric or asymmetric impact of remittances on CO2 e for the period of 1980-2018 in the context of Pakistan. The Autoregressive Distributive Lag (ARDL) and nonlinear ARDL estimation techniques have been used to depict the long run symmetric or asymmetric nexus in the short and long run between remittances (REM) and CO2 e. The nonlinear ARDL finding suggests that positive shock of remittances contributes to pollution emissions while the negative shock of remittances mitigates the pollution both in the short and long run. Besides, the empirical results indicate that the positive shock of REM has a higher impact in comparison with the negative shock of REM. The finding recommends that policymakers in Pakistan may consider REM as policy instruments specially to make policies and strategies which are related to sustainable environmental performance in the long run. (C)& nbsp;2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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    On the asymmetric effects of premature deindustrialization on CO2 emissions: evidence from Pakistan
    (2020) Öztürk, İlhan; Ullah, Sana; Usman, Ahmed; Majeed, Muhammad Tariq; Akhtar, Parveen
    In this modern era, environmental pollution is the biggest problem attached to industrialization. This study tries to ensure the relationship between industrialization and CO2 emissions in Pakistan for the time period 1980–2018 by using nonlinear ARDL model while controlling for urbanization, GDP, and human capital variables as a likely factor of CO2 emissions. Our foremost study objective is to examine whether or not the outcome of industrialization on CO2 emissions is symmetric or asymmetric for Pakistan that is one of the core suppliers to CO2 in South Asia, as the emissions were 0.82 million tons in 2018. Our result approves the presence of an asymmetric effect of industrialization shocks on CO2 emissions both in the short run and long run. The results reveal that industrialization increases emissions and deindustrialization decrease emissions, in short as well as long run, in Pakistan. Moreover, our finding also advises that urbanization and GDP variables have exerted a positive impact on CO2 emissions. Based on the findings, some policy suggestions are proposed for Pakistan.