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Green maritime transport performance analysis of G-7 countries using an interval-valued Fermatean fuzzy ARLON-based decision model
(ELSEVIER, 2025) Yalçın, Galip Cihan; Kara, Karahan; Özekenci, Emre Kadir; Simic, Vladimir; Pamuçar, Dragan
Maritime transport operations are witnessing heightened environmental sensitivities, prompting the implementation of environmentally focused maritime transport practices. The principal aim is to develop a decision support system for evaluating countries' green maritime transport performance. To this end, the interval-valued Fermatean fuzzy (IVFF)-simple weight calculation (SIWEC)-skewness impact through distributional evaluation (SITDE)-alternative ranking using two-step logarithmic normalization (ARLON) model is developed within this study. This method enables the analysis of countries' green maritime transport performance by integrating expert opinions with environmental and maritime transport parameters. The model determines the influence of experts using IVFF sets. It further facilitates the simultaneous use of subjective and objective criteria weighting approaches to compute the weights of green maritime transport performance criteria. ARLON is employed to assess and rank countries' green maritime transport performance levels. The applicability of the IVFF-SIWEC-SITDEARLON model is tested through a case study focusing on G-7 countries, and the results supported the successful implementation of the method. Furthermore, sensitivity and comparative analyses demonstrated the consistency and robustness of the model. According to the findings of the case study, the United States emerges as the country with the highest green maritime transport performance among the G-7 countries. The "linear shipping connectivity index" is identified as the most influential criterion in the decision-making process. The study offers actionable recommendations for the maritime industry, thereby contributing to the advancement of green maritime transport practices.
How ICT and Green Technologies Shape the Nexus Between Financial Development and Carbon Footprint: Evidence from an N-Shaped EKC
(MDPI, 2025) Topaloğlu, Emre Esat; Nur, Tuğba; Özekenci, Süreyya Yılmaz; Sakalsiz, Seren Aydıngülü
This study explores the effect of financial development, economic growth, ICT, green technologies, and strict environmental policies on environmental sustainability in the states of the European Union from 1996 to 2022. It also evaluates the EKC hypothesis and examines how ICT and green technologies moderate the linkage between financial development and carbon footprint. The Westerlund-Durbin-Hausman cointegration test is used for the long-run relationship. The FMOLS and CUP-FMOLS estimators are used to estimate the long-run elasticity coefficients, providing reliable results. The results reveal an inverted N-shaped linkage between GDP and carbon footprint in EU states, validating the EKC hypothesis. Furthermore, financial development has been found to increase carbon footprints, whereas green technologies, ICT, and stringent environmental regulations have been shown to mitigate these effects. Additionally, the interaction effects of ICT and green technologies with financial development demonstrate a reduction in the carbon footprint. These findings indicate that the EU should integrate the moderating role of innovation into policies addressing the pollution caused by financial development to achieve net-zero emission goals.
How Do Economic Policy Uncertainty and Financial Development Affect Green Innovation? Evidence from G7 and BRIC Countries
(EDITURA ASE, 2025) Düzakın, Hatice; Özekenci, Süreyya Yılmaz
The aim of the study is to reveal the relationship between economic policy uncertainty and green innovation for developed and developing countries. Additionally, the aim is to examine the relationship between financial development and green innovation for developed and developing countries. This study investigates the impact of economic policy uncertainty and financial development on green innovation for G7 and BRIC countries via Panel ARDL method. The time period taken for this study covers the years from 1990-2020. The panel ARDL test results for the G7 countries revealed that over the long term, there was a significant and negative relationship between GI and EPU. In the long-run analysis results in this study for the G7 countries, a significant and positive relationship was found between GI and FD. In earlier research, the relationship between FI and GI has been ignored in favour of investigating the relationship between EPU and GI. Furthermore, the relationship between GI and EPU for both developing and developed countries has not been investigated or compared in earlier studies. Therefore, we created two models in the study and analysed two groups of countries separately to fill the gap in the literature.
Little fingers, big competition: digital game addiction and competition styles of preschool children in the context of collectivist culture
(ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD, 2025) Çantaoğlu, Elmas; Kale, Mustafa; Çavusoğlu, Oguzhan
This study investigates the relationship between digital game addiction and competition styles among preschool children aged 4-6 within the collectivist cultural context of T & uuml;rkiye. Data were collected from 337 children (150 girls, 187 boys) using the Computer Addiction Scale for Children and the Preschool Competition Scale with teacher support. The findings showed that children's digital game addiction levels were generally low, with the willingness sub-dimension scoring highest. Competition styles were assessed in three dimensions: other-oriented competition, task-oriented competition, and dominance maintenance hierarchy. Among these, dominance maintenance received the highest scores. A weak but significant relationship emerged between digital game addiction and other-oriented competition. The results indicate that while collectivist culture shapes competition behaviours to preserve harmony and social balance, digital games foster individualistic, self-focused competition. Although digital games may enhance some social skills, they risk weakening cohesion. Strengthening family-child interactions and aligning gaming practices with cultural values are recommended.
ESG Resilience Amid Financial Distress: the Role of Board Gender Diversity in EU Firms
(Prague Univ Economics and Business, 2025) Özekenci, Süreyya Yilmaz; Erbaş, Cansu Ünver; Dsouza, Suzan
Investors often view financial distress, defined as a company's inability to pay its debts on time, as a sign of declining creditworthiness. However, they also consider non-financial data, such as the environmental, social, and governance (ESG) activities of firms, when making decisions. This study investigates the impact of financial distress on ESG scores among European Union (EU) firms, using firm fixed effects (FE) and random effects (RE) models, along with Pooled Ordinary Least Squares (OLS), Common Correlated Effects Mean Group (CCEMG), and Augmented Mean Group (AMG) estimators. The panel data covers the years from 2013 to 2023. To examine the relationship between financial distress and ESG scores, the study employs the board gender diversity variable, which reflects the ratio of female to male representation on a firm's board of directors, as a moderating factor. The Altman Z-score is used as an indicator of financial distress. The findings indicate that firms experiencing higher financial distress tend to have higher ESG scores. However, a higher percentage of women on the board of directors during periods of financial distress appears to mitigate this relationship in ESG scores overall, as well as for individual components. To the best of the authors' knowledge, a high percentage of women on the managerial boards of firms during financial distress has a negative impact on ESG scores across the sampled EU firms. This research adds valuable insights into how financial distress and board gender diversity interact, contributing to the existing literature on the subject.
Identify globalisation, logistics and port trends using bibliometric mapping: WoS and Scopus data from 1996 to 2025
(SPRINGERNATURE, 2025) Avşar, İlker İbrahim; Pelit, İrem
In a globalised trading environment, the role of logistics and ports is becoming increasingly important with the rapid development of international trade. This study makes a unique contribution to the field by addressing the issues of globalisation, logistics and ports (GLP) through bibliometric analysis. The originality of the research lies in its holistic approach to examining GLP issues through scientific mapping. In this respect, the study fills an important gap in the literature by addressing the issues of globalisation, logistics and ports, which have so far been studied separately, in an integrated framework and by highlighting the interactions between these fields. In this context, we searched the Scopus and WoS databases on 11 January 2025 using keywords related to GLP and obtained a dataset of 265 publications covering the period 1996-2025. The analysis shows that the GLP literature is growing and that academic interest in the field continues. It also shows that GLP is often discussed in relation to key economic agendas such as competitiveness, sustainability and efficiency. According to the Country Collaboration Network analysis, China, the United States of America and the United Kingdom are among the most prominent countries in GLP publications, showing that these countries have established a strong collaborative network both among themselves and with other countries. In terms of responsible authors, in addition to these three countries, Spain is also a prominent actor. This situation shows that researchers in these countries have a central and influential position in GLP studies. Moreover, the study systematically documents the links between key GLP issues and offers a comprehensive analysis of the literature. The findings are of strategic importance not only to the academic community but also to policy makers and industry stakeholders.
NATO's Quest for Ontological Security: Securitizing Russia in the Arctic
(ULUSLARARASI ILISKILER KONSEYI DERNEGI, 2025) Şahin, Sevgi Balkan; Çetiner, Özge
The article examines how NATO has strategically and symbolically addressed disruptions to its ontological security due to Russia's military build-up in the Arctic and its aggressions in Ukraine. Based on an engagement between ontological security and securitization perspectives, the article argues that NATO's intentional and unconscious securitization acts towards Russia have addressed its material threats and ontological anxieties. Demonstrating the intersection of the material and psychological aspects of securitization, it highlights how NATO has engaged in a security-oriented role in the Arctic and constructed Russia as an abject/other to reaffirm its "self" as a united, reliable, and values-driven collective defense alliance. This dual approach has reflected NATO's reflexivity in balancing strategic and ontological needs to respond to evolving security dynamics. Analyzing NATO's Summit Declarations, Strategic Concepts, and press releases on the Arctic and Russia, coupled with interviews with NATO officials, the article reveals three major themes the Alliance has used to securitize Russia as a threat: to the "Euro-Atlantic stability", "the Arctic peace", and "international law and values".
Empowering minds and fostering inclusion: ELT graduate students' experiences with critical pedagogy
(FRONTIERS MEDIA SA, 2025) Zaimoğlu, Senem; Dağtaş, Aysun
Introduction This research focuses on how graduate students in a Master's level English Language Teaching (ELT) program in T & uuml;rkiye experienced transformative learning through a course on critical pedagogy (CP). Grounded in Mezirow's transformative learning theory and Freirean principles, the study explores how engagement with the sociopolitical dimensions of language education challenged participants' assumptions and transformed their cognitive, emotional, and relational understandings of teaching.Methods Data were collected from eight participants through weekly reflective journals structured around Gibbs' Reflective Cycle that guides individuals to reflect systematically on their experiences and follow-up semistructured interviews. Following Braun and Clarke's six-phase framework to thematic analysis, five overarching themes were identified that encapsulate the participants' experiences: Confronting Disorienting Dilemmas, Shifting Perspectives (Cognitive Transformations), Navigating Emotional Journeys, Evolving Classroom Relationships, and Embracing Transformative Learning Processes.Results The results revealed that participants encountered disorienting dilemmas that prompted self-examination and shifts in identity, beliefs, and pedagogical stances. While students valued dialogic learning, critical inquiry, and real-world connections, some reported discomfort when addressing controversial topics-highlighting persistent hierarchical dynamics within educational settings.Discussion Despite these tensions, participants demonstrated growing commitment to inclusive and socially engaged teaching. This research contributes to inclusive teacher education by demonstrating how structured reflection and emotionally responsive learning environments can foster transformation. It also calls for further research on the long-term enactment of critical pedagogy in diverse institutional contexts.
Assessment of Green Logistics Market Performance of Selected Countries: A Comprehensive and Novel Multi-Criteria Decision-Making Approach
(WALTER DE GRUYTER GMBH, 2025) Özekenci, Emre Kadir
This study assesses the green logistics market performance of the top twenty emerging markets identified in the Agility Emerging Markets Logistics Index (AEMLI) report. The primary emerging markets-China, India, the United Arab Emirates, Saudi Arabia, Malaysia, Indonesia, Mexico, Qatar, Thailand, Vietnam, Chile, T & uuml;rkiye, Brazil, Oman, Russia, Bahrain, Jordan, Kuwait, Uruguay, and South Africa-serve as benchmarks for evaluating logistics efficiency and environmental performance. The decision model for this study encompasses seven criteria: Domestic Logistics Opportunity, International Logistics Opportunity, Business Fundamentals, Digital Readiness, Ecosystem Vitality, Environmental Health, and Climate Change. These criteria were derived from a thorough literature review. Data were obtained from the AEMLI and Environmental Performance Index (EPI) reports published by Agility & Transport Intelligence and the Yale Center for Environmental Law & Policy. Criterion weights were established using the Symmetry Point of Criterion (SPC). The ranking of alternatives employed several MCDM methods: Ranking of Alternatives with Weights of Criterion (RAWEC), Ranking the Solutions based on the Mean Value of Criteria (RSMVC), Stable Preference Ordering Towards Ideal Solution (SPOTIS), and the Extended Alternative Ranking Order Method with two-step normalization (AROMAN). The results were aggregated using the Borda Count Method. Findings from the SPC reveal that the international logistics opportunity is the most significant criterion, whereas business fundamentals rank as the least important. The Borda Count analysis indicates that China, the United Arab Emirates, Malaysia, Saudi Arabia, and Brazil consistently rank as top performers across various methods. Conversely, T & uuml;rkiye, Indonesia, Kuwait, Bahrain, South Africa, and Vietnam generally show lower rankings across most methods. Additionally, sensitivity and comparative analyses were conducted to enhance the robustness of the findings. The results of this study are anticipated to provide valuable insights into the green logistics market performance of selecting emerging markets.
Adaptive market hypothesis: insights from BRIC-T countries' stock markets
(WALTER DE GRUYTER GMBH, 2025) Özekenci, Süreyya Yılmaz
Comparing the Efficient Market Hypothesis and Behavioral Finance, the Adaptive Markets Hypothesis (AMH), which identifies the extremes of these two hypotheses and adapts them to each other, argues that calendar anomalies can coexist, but also focuses on how investor behavior reacts to changing market conditions. This study aims to investigate whether the stock markets of BRIC-T countries are consistent with the AMH, including crisis periods, using daily data for the period 01.01.2000-31.12.2023. To this end, daily index return series of each country were constructed and analyzed with the help of Wild-bootstrap Variance ratio test, BDS test and Ljung and Box Q Portmanteau tests. According to the Wild-bootstrap Variance ratio test, both EMH and AMH are not valid in the equity markets of BRIC-T countries; according to the BDS test results, AMH is valid and according to the Ljung and Box Q Portmanteau test results, AMH is valid. Therefore, it is concluded that AMH is more successful than EMH in explaining the equity markets of BRIC-T countries.
Looking at the Eastern Mediterranean Through the Lens of Epistemic Community
(ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD, 2026) Şahin, Sevgi Balkan; Çetiner, Özge
This article examines how scholarly knowledge production shapes prevailing policy narratives regarding the Eastern Mediterranean. Relying on Haas's epistemic community concept, the article investigates how epistemic community on the Eastern Mediterranean influence particular conceptions of collaboration, conflict, and regional order. Rather than accepting academic studies as merely explicators of the regional status quo, the article emphasizes how these studies contribute to the creation and reproduction of Eurocentric, state-centric, and security-oriented perspectives. To provide a more in-depth engagement regarding the production, legitimization, and dissemination of knowledge within the academic community, the article examines academic studies on the Eastern Mediterranean indexed in the Web of Science (WoS) Core Collection between 1995 and 2025 through a combination of bibliometric analysis and systematic literature review methodologies. By employing a two-pronged methodology, including descriptive statistics, network analysis, textual analysis, and coding of authors' genders, and theoretical and methodological frameworks, this article presents a multifaceted perspective regarding the Eastern Mediterranean, illuminating both biases and knowledge gaps. Findings reveal a prevalence of discursive bias towards conflict rather than cooperation, dominance of Eurocentric approaches at the expense of non-Western or local perspectives, and gender disparities in authorship.
Multidimensional trade performance assessment for integrating sustainability and economic diversification in OECD countries using a spherical fuzzy SIWEC-SPC-based decision support model
(ELSEVIER, 2025) Yalçın, Galip Cihan; Kara, Karahan; Özekenci, Emre Kadir; Simic, Vladimir; Pamucar, Dragan
Countries participate in regional trade blocks to enhance their trade activities and trade performance. This study proposes a novel approach to trade performance assessment, introducing innovations both in terms of performance parameters and methodology. From a performance parameter perspective, the inclusion of sustainable development and economic diversity levels in trade performance evaluation differentiates this study from traditional trade performance measurement approaches. From a methodological perspective, a hybrid model that simultaneously considers both subjective and objective criterion weighting based on expert opinions is introduced. The spherical fuzzy (SF)-simple weight calculation (SIWEC)-symmetry point of criterion (SPC)-opportunity losses-based polar coordinate distance (OPLO-POCOD) model, developed as a decision support system, is proposed for evaluating the trade performance of country blocs. SF-SIWEC is employed as the subjective criterion weighting method, while SPC serves as the objective criterion weighting method. The OPLO-POCOD alternative ranking method is employed to calculate the trade performance of countries. The proposed methodology is applied to the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) countries. According to the subjective weighting method, "sustainable development (0.0978)" emerges as the most important criterion, whereas in the objective weighting method, "number of product types (export) (0.1612)" is identified as the most significant one. In the final criterion weights, "number of product types (export) (0.1232)" is also determined to be the most important criterion. Considering the final criterion weights, the United States (0.9871) has the highest trade performance among the OECD countries. Thus, when both sustainability and economic diversification are considered, it is understood that the most influential criteria in determining multidimensional trade performance are the number of exported product types and sustainable development. From this perspective, the United States stands out as the country with the highest multidimensional trade performance among OECD countries. This study contributes to the literature by integrating sustainability and economic diversification parameters into trade performance measurement as well as proposing a comprehensive methodology for performance evaluation in trade blocs.
Metaverse Perception Scale Development and Validation
(SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC, 2025) Aslan, Mustafa; Sağtaş, Saadet; Özkaynar, Kürşad
The metaverse, perceived as the next phase of the Internet, promises to transcend mere upgrades by integrating transformative technologies such as artificial intelligence, virtual reality, and blockchain, which form the foundations of its structure. However, the absence of a standardized scale to assess perceptions of the metaverse poses a considerable limitation to studies in social science on this topic. This study developed a measurement tool that can be used in social science investigations to address this gap. Working with experts in the field, we created a pool of items encompassing six dimensions and 67 items. Exploratory factor analysis examined the data collected from 209 participants, and the confirmatory factor analysis assessed data from 247 participants. The proposed scale comprises 25 statements and six dimensions: (i) anxiety, (ii) education, (iii) entertainment, (iv) psychosocial effect, (v) knowledge-sharing, and (vi) business.
A HYBRID MPSI-EXTENDED AROMAN DECISION-MAKING MODEL FOR ASSESSING GREEN LOGISTICS PERFORMANCE: THE CASE OF ASIA-PACIFIC COUNTRIES
(POZNAN SCH LOGISTICS, 2025) Özekenci, Emre Kadir
Background: This study examines the green logistics performance of Asia-Pacific countries (Australia, Bangladesh, Cambodia, China, India, Indonesia, Japan, Laos, Malaysia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Singapore, South Korea, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Thailand and Vietnam) using nine criteria: climate change, environmental health, ecosystem vitality, customs, infrastructure, international shipments, logistics competences and quality, timeliness, and tracking and tracing. The criteria were determined based on a literature review. Data were obtained from Logistics Performance Index (LPI) and Environmental Performance Index (EPI) reports. Methods: This study combines the Modified Preference Selection Index (MPSI) and the Extended Alternative Ranking Order Method Accounting for the Two-Step Normalization (AROMAN) model to assess the green logistics performance of Asia-Pacific countries. The criteria weights were calculated using the MPSI method, while countries' green logistics performance was evaluated using the Extended AROMAN method. Results: The MPSI results show that environmental health, climate change, and infrastructure are the most important criteria, while tracking and tracing, international shipments, and timeliness are the least important. The Extended AROMAN results show that Japan, Australia, Singapore, New Zealand, and South Korea have the highest green logistics performance. In contrast, Indonesia, Vietnam, Bangladesh, Cambodia, and Laos have the lowest green logistics performance. Sensitivity and comparative analysis were conducted to assess the robustness of the results. Conclusion: This study presents a decision support system tailored to help the private sector, policymakers, and various stakeholders assess and improve nations' logistics performance, with a strong emphasis on green logistics. This model is a vital tool for analyzing key logistics metrics, promoting sustainable practices, and enabling informed decision-making to advance environmental responsibility and efficiency within logistics operations.
The Impact of Energy Intensity, Renewable Energy, and Financial Development on Green Growth in OECD Countries: Fresh Evidence Under Environmental Policy Stringency
(MDPI, 2025) Nur, Tuğba; Topaloğlu, Emre Esat; Özekenci, Süreyya Yılmaz; Koycu, Erol
This study examines the impact of financial development, renewable energy, energy intensity, and stringent environmental policies on green growth in twenty-three Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development countries from 2000 to 2023. Additionally, it examines how stringent environmental policies moderate the link between financial development and green growth. Economic complexity, trade openness, and green technology variables are also included in the model as control variables. The index is constructed using economic growth, education, health, CO2 emissions, net forest, and mineral components for green growth, the main variable explained in the research. The Fully Modified Ordinary Least Squares method is applied to estimate elasticity coefficients in the study. The findings show that financial development and energy intensity have a negative impact on green growth, whereas strict environmental policies and renewable energy support green growth. Moreover, the interaction between financial development and stringent environmental policies promotes green growth. At the same time, the control variables of trade openness and economic complexity have a negative impact on green growth, while green technology makes a positive contribution. Furthermore, financial development and energy intensity have the most significant quantitative impact on green growth, while trade openness and stringent environmental policies have the least impact. In line with these findings, environmentally friendly financial instruments and green investments should be supported instead of directing financial resources only to industry-intensive sectors in Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development countries. In this context, implementing energy efficiency policies and increasing incentives for renewable energy are of great importance.
Turkiye's Carbon Emission Profile: A Global Analysis with the MEREC-PROMETHEE Hybrid Method
(MDPI, 2025) Pelit, İrem; Avşar, İlker İbrahim
This study conducts a comparative evaluation of Turkiye's carbon emission profile from both sectoral and global perspectives. Utilizing 2022 data from 76 countries, it applies two widely recognized multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) methods: MEREC, for determining objective weights of criteria, and PROMETHEE II, for ranking countries based on these criteria. All data used in the analysis were obtained from the World Bank, a globally recognized and credible statistical source. The study evaluates seven criteria, including carbon emissions from the energy, transport, industry, and residential sectors, along with GDP-related indicators. The results indicate that Turkiye's carbon emissions, particularly from industry, transport, and energy, are substantially higher than the global average. Moreover, countries with higher levels of industrialization generally rank lower in environmental performance, highlighting a direct relationship between industrial activity and increased carbon emissions. According to PROMETHEE II rankings, Turkiye falls into the lower-middle tier among the assessed countries. In light of these findings, the study suggests that Turkiye should implement targeted, sector-specific policy measures to reduce emissions. The research aims to provide policymakers with a structured, data-driven framework that aligns with the country's broader sustainable development goals. MEREC was selected for its ability to produce unbiased criterion weights, while PROMETHEE II was chosen for its capacity to deliver clear and meaningful comparative rankings, making both methods highly suitable for evaluating environmental performance. This study also offers a broader analysis of how selected countries compare in terms of their carbon emissions. As carbon emissions remain one of the most pressing environmental challenges in the context of global warming and climate change, ranking countries based on emission levels serves both to support scientific inquiry and to increase international awareness. By relying on recent 2022 data, the study offers a timely snapshot of the global carbon emission landscape. Alongside its contribution to public awareness, the findings are expected to support policymakers in developing effective environmental strategies. Ultimately, this research contributes to the academic literature and lays a foundation for more sustainable environmental policy development.
A Multi-Criteria Framework for Economic Decision Support in Urban Sustainability: Comparative Insights from European Cities
(Scientific Oasis Publisher, 2025) Özekenci, Emre Kadir
Sustainable urban development has become an economic imperative as cities grapple with escalating environmental, social, and financial pressures. This study evaluates the economic performance and fiscal sustainability of European capitals-Stockholm, Oslo, Copenhagen, Lahti, London, Berlin, Madrid, Paris, Amsterdam, and & Idot;stanbul-through a robust Multi-Criteria Decision-Making (MCDM) framework. The analysis incorporates twelve key indicators that reflect not only environmental resilience but also resource efficiency, infrastructure investment, and the economic viability of sustainability policies. These include Scope 1 Emissions, Consumption-Based GHG Emissions, Particulate Air Pollution, Open Public Space, Road Infrastructure Efficiency, Sustainable Transport, Vehicle Dependence, Water Access, Water Consumption, Solid Waste Generated, Climate Change Resilience, and Sustainable Policy Implementation. A hybrid MCDM model combining MEREC-based RAWEC with Extended AROMAN and MARA methods was applied. The MEREC method was used to derive economically weighted priorities among criteria, while final rankings were aggregated using RAWEC, Extended AROMAN, MARA, and Borda Count methods. Results identified Scope 1 emissions as the most economically impactful criterion, while particulate air pollution had a lower fiscal weighting. Cities such as Stockholm, Oslo, and Copenhagen consistently emerged as top performers due to their cost-effective and forward-looking urban sustainability policies. In contrast, Paris, & Idot;stanbul, and Amsterdam demonstrated lower cost-efficiency scores. Sensitivity analysis further validated the model's reliability. This framework not only supports environmental assessment but also informs economic decision-making by guiding policymakers toward fiscally responsible and sustainable urban planning strategies.
Promoting transition towards sustainable air transport systems: A hybrid decision support system for effective national-level performance evaluation
(ELSEVIER SCI LTD, 2025) Kara, Karahan; Yalçın, Galip Cihan; Özekenci, Emre Kadir; Bilek, Günal; Simic, Vladimir; Tunçsiper, Çağatay; Pamucar, Dragan
Air transport plays a pivotal role in enhancing economic development by supporting trade, tourism, and regional competitiveness. The growing environmental concerns and social expectations have necessitated the transition towards sustainable air transport systems. Sustainable air transport refers to aviation activities that balance environmental, economic, and social objectives, aiming to minimize carbon emissions, promote renewable energy usage, and enhance socio-economic welfare. In this study, a novel multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM)based decision support system (DSS) is proposed to evaluate the sustainable air transport performance of the European countries. The main objective of this research is to develop a comprehensive and integrative framework for measuring and ranking the sustainable air transport performance of nations. A hybrid method, termed fractional fuzzy-ranking comparison-response to criteria weighting (RANCOM)-response to criteria weighting (RECA)-ranking technique by geometric mean of similarity ratio to optimal solution (RATGOS), is introduced. DSS consists of five main stages: expert-based subjective weighting using fractional fuzzy RANCOM, objective weighting via RECA, aggregation of weights, and final performance ranking through the RATGOS method. The results indicate that Germany ranks highest, while Cyprus has the lowest sustainable air transport performance among the evaluated countries. The criterion "commercial aircraft fleet by age of aircraft" is determined to have the highest importance among the sustainable air transport performance indicators. The study provides a comprehensive, replicable framework for policymakers and stakeholders aiming to monitor and improve sustainable aviation systems. It contributes to the literature by addressing the gap in national-level sustainable air transport performance evaluation.
Performance Measurement of the Logistics Companies on the Fortune 500 by Swara and Merec-Based Cradis Methods
(SCIENDO, 2024) Ozekenci, Emre Kadir
The aim of this study is to evaluate the performance of logistics companies on the Fortune 500 Turkey list using the SWARA-MEREC based CRADIS methods. The weight of criteria was determined by subjective and objective approaches, namely SWARA and MEREC, respectively. The performance of companies was ranked by the CRADIS method. The findings highlighted that net sales (NS) and export (EXP) were most and least important criteria, respectively. The result of the CRADIS method showed that Netlog, Borusan and Ekol had the highest performance, while Noatum, BDP International and Horoz had the lowest performance in 2022, respectively. The reliability and robustness of the proposed model was tested with sensitivity and comparative analyses. The results of the sensitivity analysis and comparative analysis showed that the proposed model provides consistent results.
The Mediating Role of Forgiveness and The Moderating Role of Perceived Partner Responsiveness in The Relationship Between Victim Sensitivity and Subjective Well-Being in Romantic Relationships
(ÇUKUROVA ÜNİVERSİTESİ, 2025) Doğruyol, Sena; Aslan, Aslı
Understanding how the concept of victim sensitivity in romantic relationships is perceived by married adults and evaluating this concept within the framework of subjective well-being is of great importance. The primary aim of the current research is to assess an individual's subjective well-being in the context of victim sensitivity, perceived partner responsiveness, and forgiveness variables. In this direction, the mediating roles of forgiveness (avoidance, retaliation, and benevolence) in the relationship between victim sensitivity and subjective well-being have been tested first. Subsequently, the moderating role of perceived partner sensitivity in the relationship between victim sensitivity and forgiveness was examined. The study group consists of a total of 398 participants, including 230 women and 168 men. Data were obtained using Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS), Positive-Negative Affect Scale (PANAS), Marital Forgiveness Scale-Event (MFS-E), Perceived Partner Responsiveness Scale (PPRS) and Victim Sensitivity in Romantic Relationships Scale (VSRRS). Furthermore, a demographic information form prepared by the researcher was used to collect personal information such as gender, age, monthly income, duration of marriage, and education level. Before analyzing the data, assumptions such as sample size, outliers, missing values, linearity, normality, and multicollinearity were also tested. The results indicated that avoidance and benevolence serve as mediating roles in the relationship between victim sensitivity and subjective well-being, while retaliation does not have a significant role. Furthermore, when analyzing the results of the moderating variable, it suggests that perceived partner responsiveness does not have a moderating role in the relationship between victim sensitivity and forgiveness. In conclusion, high levels of victim sensitivity in romantic partners may lead to negative experiences within the relationship. Therefore, the development of intervention programs targeting this domain may offer valuable guidance for future research and therapeutic practices.

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