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Covid-19 Pandemisinin Dünya’da ve Türkiye’de Havayolu Taşımacılığına Etkisi
(2022) PELİT, İrem
Increasing international trade with the effect of globalization has brought air transportation to an important point with the increasing importance of speed. The aviation industry is a very convenient industry to be affected by global events. With the first Covid-19 case encountered in Wuhan, China in 2019, the world faced a new infectious disease. Covid-19, which was declared as a global disaster transmitted by contact, affected all sectors as well as the air transport sector in a negative way. It is seen that the Covid-19 pandemic has affected the whole world, as well as Turkey, socially and economically. The Covid-19 epidemic affected the world at the beginning of 2020, with the closure of borders and travel restriction, as well as many sectors, and the aviation sector had extremely negative reflections. The pandemic has created a domino effect among flight cancellations, travel restrictions, ticket refunds, subsidiaries and passenger, and airlines have faced a health crisis. The negative effects of the Covid-19 pandemic on the aviation sector have manifested themselves in different dimensions as passenger transpotation of the airline sector decreaed during the pandemic period, Cargo and freight transportation did not experience the same decrease in terms of raising basic needs and medical supplies. In this study, the effect of the Covid-19 epidemic on air transport in the world and in Turkey has been examined. In this context, the negative reflections of the Covid-19 epidemic on the sector were revealed and the extent to which the air transport sector was affected by this health crisis was examined.
A corpus-based study on transition marker types in PhD dissertations
(2022) KÖROĞLU, Zehra
This study was conducted to evaluate transition marker types in the PhD dissertations written by the native speakers of English and Turkish speakers of English. The purpose was to compare the most salient transition types of the native speakers of English and Turkish speakers of English randomly selected PhD dissertations introduction, results and discussion, and conclusion sections in the field of ELT between the years 2010 and 2014. The WordSmith Tools 5.0 software was used to analyze the data. TM types were analyzed in terms of percentages, frequencies per 1,000 words and they were interpreted by calculating the loglikelihood value of whether there was a significant difference in their usage. The results indicated that the frequencies, and frequencies per 1,000 words of the most salient transition type usage in the sections were different.
YATIRIM PROJELERİNİN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİNDE TERCİH EDİLEN YÖNTEMLERİN İNCELENMESİ: TÜRKİYE’NİN 500 BÜYÜK SANAYİ KURULUŞU ÖRNEĞİ
(2022) ÖZEKENCİ YILMAZ, Sürayya
İşletme yöneticilerinin yatırım projelerini değerlendirirken kullandıkları pek çok yöntem bulunmaktadır. Bu yöntemlerin seçilmesinde çeşitli faktörler rol oynamaktadır. Dolayısıyla yapılan bu çalışmanın amacı, Türkiye’nin 500 Büyük Sanayi Kuruluşunun tercih ettiği yöntemlerin belirlenmesi ve tercih edilen yöntemler ile eğitim, ihracat, faaliyette bulunduğu sektör, firma yaşı, firma büyüklüğü ve finansal risk arasındaki ilişkinin Ki-Kare ve Kruskal Wallis testleriyle ortaya konulmasıdır. Çalışmada veri toplama yöntemi olarak anket kullanılmış ve anket soruları İstanbul Sanayi Odası tarafından 2018 yılında ilan edilen Türkiye’nin 500 Büyük Sanayi Kuruluşuna 2020 yılında uygulanmıştır. Yapılan analizler sonucunda, Türkiye’nin 500 Büyük Sanayi Kuruluşunun yatırım projelerini değerlendirirken en fazla tercih ettiği sermaye bütçelemesi yönteminin net bugünkü değer yöntemi olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca tercih edilen yöntemler ile yöneticilerin eğitim durumu, faaliyette bulunduğu sektör ve finansal risk arasında anlamlı bir ilişki tespit edilemezken firma büyüklüğü, ihracat ve firma yaşı arasında anlamlı bir ilişki tespit edilmiştir.
Genç İşsizliği: Lisansüstü Tezlerin İncelenmesi ve Sosyal Politika Bağlamında Bir Değerlendirme
(2021) Çavuşoğlu, Oğuzhan
Gençlik ve işsizlik olgularının bir araya gelmesiyle her toplum için önemli bir sosyal sorun olan genç işsizliği meydana gelmektedir. İşsizlik, bireyin çeşitli kanallar aracılığıyla iş aramasına rağmen iş bulamaması halidir. Genç işsizliği ise 15-24 yaş aralığındaki gençlerin çalışma gücüne ve potansiyeline sahip olmasına karşın iş arayışlarının karşılıksız kalmasıdır. Literatürde genç işsizliği konulu birçok makale, bildiri ve lisansüstü tez bulunmaktadır. Bu çalışmada genç işsizliği konulu lisansüstü tezlerin nitelik ve nicelik olarak farklı boyutlarda mevcut durumu ortaya konulmak istenmiş, genç işsizliği konulu lisansüstü tezler doküman analizi yöntemiyle belirli kategorilere göre incelenmiştir. Tezler Yükseköğretim Kurulu Ulusal Tez Merkezi veri tabanından “genç işsizliği” ve “genç işsizlik” anahtar kelimeleriyle taranmıştır. Toplamda 47 teze ulaşılmış olup birisinin yazım dili İngilizce olması, diğerinin konusunun Etiyopya üzerine olmasından dolayı analize 45 tez dahil edilmiştir. Araştırma sonucuna göre tezlerin çoğu yüksek lisans düzeyindedir. Tezlerin tümü Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü bünyesinde yazılmıştır. En fazla İktisat ile Çalışma Ekonomisi ve Endüstri İlişkileri anabilim dalında yazılan tezlerin 12 tanesi alan araştırmasıdır. Alan araştırması olan tezlerin sonuçları, sosyal politika bağlamında değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışmanın sonucunda da alan araştırmalarının artırılması önerisinde bulunulmuştur
Sosyal Hizmet Uygulaması ve Etik
(2021) Çavuşoğlu, Oğuzhan; Kara, Hüseyin Zahid
Sosyal hizmet, karmaşık ve dinamik yapıya sahip toplumumuzda vazgeçilmez bir meslektir. Çeşitliliklerle karakterize hedef kitlesi, toplumun her kesiminden bireyi odağına almasını sağlamakta dolayısıyla da çalışma alan ve boyutu oldukça geniş olmaktadır. Öyle ki, kişilerin niteliği açısından engelliler, yaşlılar, çocuklar, gençler, kadınlar şeklinde başlayacak devam edecek uzun bir liste; kapsam açısından bireyler, aileleri gruplar, topluluklar, toplumlar, kuruluşlar şeklinde yapılandırılabilecek başka bir liste; rol ve görevler açısından ise danışman, psikoterapist, yönetici, fon yöneticisi, program planlayıcısı gibi bambaşka bir liste yapılabilir (Sheafor, Horejsi ve Horejsi, 1988). Söz konusu listelerin sosyal hizmet mesleğinin uygulama alanlarını ifade etme noktasında yeterliliği hala tartışılmakta, çalışma alanlarını ifade etme konusunda olgusal yaklaşımların da literatürde yer aldığı bilinmektedir. Tüm bu tartışmalar arasında açıkça ifade edebileceğimiz yegâne gerçek, pek çok insanın sosyal hizmet uzmanlarının kararlarından doğrudan veya dolaylı olarak etkilendiğidir.
Sosyal Politika Geliştirmede ve Sosyal Hizmet Uygulamalarında Yerelleşme: Sakarya Büyükşehir Belediyesi Sosyal Gelişim Merkezi Örneği
(2020) Çavuşoğlu, Oğuzhan; Genç, Yusuf; Çöpoğlu, Mustafa
Modern dünya düzeni, ekonomik, teknolojik gelişmeler ve yenilikler bireylerin ihtiyaç hiyerarşisini değiştirmiş, refah toplumunun ruhunu oluşturan sosyal devlet ve sosyal belediyecilik anlayışının yaygınlaşmasına ön ayak oluşturmuş, bunun sonucunda yeni yerel sosyal politika üretimine ve uygulamalarına ihtiyaç duyulmuştur. Yerel yönetimlerin bölgesel farklılıkları, gelişmişlik düzeyini, yerel halkın sosyo-ekonomik ve kültürel yapısını daha iyi tanıması, sorunlara hâkim olması ve halka daha yakın olması sosyal politika üretimi ve uygulamalarında söz sahibi olmasını da gerekli kılmıştır. Bu makalenin amacı; sosyal politika uygulamalarının ve sosyal hizmetlerin yerelleştirilerek merkezi yönetim yerine yerinden yönetim tarafından üretilip uygulanmasının önem ve gerekliliğini Sakarya Büyükşehir Belediyesi Sosyal Gelişim Merkezinin hizmetleri ve uygulamaları özelinde açıklamaktır. Araştırma ‘durum çalışması (örnek olay)’ yöntemine dayalı ‘iç içe geçmiş tek durum deseni’ niteliği taşımaktadır. Verilerin toplanmasında görüşme tekniği kullanılarak merkez yöneticileri ve çalışanları ile mülakatlar yapılmış, merkezin hizmetlerine ve faaliyetlerine yönelik dokümanlar incelenmiştir. Çalışmanın teorik altyapısında ise sosyal politika, sosyal hizmet, sosyal belediyecilik, merkezi yönetim ve yerinden yönetim kavramları incelenerek sosyal hizmet ile ilişkileri ele alınmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda yereldeki sosyal sorunların çözümü için uygulanabilir yerel sosyal politikalar üretilmesi ve yerel yönetimler tarafından sosyal hizmet perspektifinde uygulanmasının merkezi yönetim uygulamalarına göre daha etkin ve verimli olacağı kanaati ortaya çıkmıştır.
Investigating the Environmental Kuznets Curve hypothesis in Kenya: A multivariate analysis
(ELSEVIER, 2020) Öztürk, İlhan; Sarkodie, Samuel Asumadu
In the quest towards a cleaner environment via the mitigation of climate change and its impact, this study examined the validity of the environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) hypothesis, energy efficiency and energy consumption indicators in Kenya. The study employed an autoregressive distributed lag technique, statistically inspired modification of partial least squares regression and Utest method to analyze four models with data spanning 1971 to 2013. Both the autoregressive distributed lag model and the Utest estimation confirmed an inverted u-shaped curve, thus, validating the environmental Kuznets curve hypothesis in Kenya. The study revealed that an increase in energy consumption exacerbates carbon dioxide emissions in the long-run. The statistically inspired modification of partial least squares regression revealed that electricity from renewable energy sources plays a critical role in carbon dioxide emission reduction. An increase in GDP per capita and household consumption expenditure increases energy consumption. Energy imports had no long-run effect due to the recent oil discovery, coal, prospects of nuclear energy and the potential for more renewable energy sources in Kenya. The study highlights that using sustainable technologies like, inter alia, carbon capture and storage in the exploitation of oil and coal are essential to reducing pollution. Rural-urban migration increases the burden on electric power consumption, thus, reducing energy efficiency if conservation options are not enforced. As a policy implication, engaging the public on energy conservation and management options will help curb energy chal-lenges like load shedding — which appears troubling in Africa.
A visualization review analysis of the last two decades for environmental Kuznets curve "EKC" based on co-citation analysis theory and pathfinder network scaling algorithms
(SPRINGER HEIDELBERG, 2021) Öztürk, İlhan; Koondhar, Mansoor Ahmed; Shahbaz, Muhammad; Memon, Kamran Ali; Kong, Rong
Environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) is a statistical tool to examine the cointegration and causality nexus between economic growth and carbon emissions. The EKC is widely used in energy and environmental economics studies. Although a large number of researchers have analyzed the EKC by applying different statistical models, some review work has been summarized to draw a pictorial view of extending studies in this research field. However, still, the macroscopic overview needs to be considered. Therefore, this study aims to contribute to the literature for finding a new pathway for further research employing, and to facilitate this research, scientometric analysis is carried out by feature in CiteSpace. The dataset was screened and found 2384 records out of 59,225 Web of Science (WoS) references, and the records for the timespan 1999–2019 was used to visualize the knowledge map and outcome of the scientific enterprise. The visualization results reveal the most influencing studies, institutions, authors, countries, keywords, and category cloud, in the research field of EKC. This article reveals that the research on EKC in alignment with green and sustainable technology science requires more attention. Further, this article would help authors and publishers make their decisions for the research of EKC and planning for future perspectives to contribute to academic development and applied methodology.
Another outlook to sector-level energy consumption in Pakistan from dominant energy sources and correlation with economic growth
(2020) Öztürk, İlhan; Rehman, Abdul; Ma, Hengyun; Ahmad, Munir; Irfan, Muhammad; Rauf, Abdul
The present study seeks to investigate the sector-level energy consumption of oil and natural gas and to explore the linkage between economic growth, households, agriculture, industry, power, fertilizers, and commercial sector in Pakistan for the period of 1980–2016. The energy sector of Pakistan is facing severe crisis from the last few years due to inadequate production and supply. Long-lasting deficits of natural gas and oil, the two supreme types of fuel in Pakistan, had detrimental consequences for the growth as well as for the economic development. An autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) method and Granger causality test under vector error correction model (VECM) were employed to check the association among the variables. Furthermore, the innovative accounting method was used to investigate the responsiveness of each variable to another within the study framework. Empirical results show long-run association among the variables, as oil consumption in the agriculture and power sector show a positive effect on Pakistan’s economic growth. Similarly, energy consumption from natural gas in the households and fertilizers as well as in the industry sector has had a constructive association with economic growth. In contrast, energy consumption from oil in the households and industry sectors has adverse association with economic growth, while natural gas consumption in the commercial sector has negative linkage with economic growth. Possible steps should be taken by the Government of Pakistan to enhance the production of oil and natural gas from other alternatives to meet the requirements of these sectors.
Modeling the dynamic linkage between financial development, energy innovation, and environmental quality: Does globalization matter?
(2020) Öztürk, İlhan; Bekun, Festus Victor; Baloch, Muhammad Awais; Khan, Danish
In the modern era of the wave of globalization, financial development is leading toward a higher rate of economic expansion and promoting energy innovation around the globe. Nevertheless, environmental impact of financial development has preoccupied government officials to circumvent adverse impact on environmental quality. Thus, this paper examines the nexus between financial development, economic growth, energy innovation, and environmental pollution for the period of 1990–2017 for the panel of Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) countries. To obtain robust and unbiased results, this study utilizes Pooled Mean Group Autoregressive Distributed Lag (PMG/ARDL) estimator that counters the issue of heterogeneity and cross-sectional dependence. Empirical evidence suggests that financial development promotes energy innovation and improves environmental quality. Globalization also has a long-term relationship with energy innovation and reduces greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Moreover, findings validate the environmental Kuznets curve for OECD countries in the significance of financial development, globalization, and energy innovation.
The impact of age structure on carbon emission in the Middle East: the panel autoregressive distributed lag approach
(2020) Öztürk, İlhan; Dehbidi, Navid Kargar; Tarazkar, Mohammad Hassan; Dehbidi, Navid Kargar; Almulali, Usama
Rapid evolution in the population age structure of the Middle East countries has major economic, social, and environmental outcomes. Therefore, to fill the gap in the previous literatures, in this study, the effect of age structure on environmental degradation was investigated in the Middle East region. To achieve this goal, a panel data of 10 Middle East countries were examined over the period of 1990 to 2014. Moreover, the carbon dioxide emission per capita was used as an environmental pollution index in this study. According to the stationary property of the variables, small sample size data, and the assumptions of the model, the panel autoregressive distributed lag method of mean group, pooled mean group, and dynamic fixed effect estimators were investigated in this study. The empirical results implied that the pooled mean group model emerged as the most efficient among the three estimators. Also, results revealed that the age structure have a significant relationship with environmental pollution. Children and working age population have a positive elasticity, whereas elderly people have negative elasticity. Furthermore, the results showed that the working age population has the greatest explanatory power on the carbon emissions. Also, the relationship between per capita energy consumption and gross domestic product per capita with air pollution was positive. Overall, the empirical results showed that any attempt to decrease carbon dioxide emissions in the Middle East region should consider the population age structure.
Consumers’ intention-based influence factors of renewable energy adoption in Pakistan: a structural equation modeling approach
(2020) Irfan, Muhammad; Rehman, Abdul; Öztürk, İlhan; Zhao, Zhen-Yu
As the adoption of renewable energy (RE) is a complex and intricate procedure affected by a wide range of factors, it prompts traction among researchers to examine these influence factors. The aim of this study is to scrutinize the factors affecting consumers’ intention to adopt RE for household use in Pakistan. The current research has contributed through expanding the structural framework of the theory of planned behavior by incorporating three novel factors (perception of self-effectiveness, perception of neighbor’s participation, and belief about RE benefits) to have a deep insight into the factors that motivate or inhibit consumers to adopt RE. Outcomes are based on the primary data compiled from 353 households in the five main cities of Pakistan accompanying an inclusive survey. The state-of-the-art structural equation modeling was utilized to test and analyze the proposed hypotheses. The results signify that the influencing factors such as perception of self-effectiveness, awareness of RE, and perception of neighbor’s participation impart a positive effect on consumers’ intention to adopt RE, whereas cost of RE generation has an opposite effect. Interestingly, environmental concern and belief about RE benefits found to have neutral effects. Research results emphasize the need to enhance public awareness, reform policy structure, transform social norms, and highlight the benefits that RE provides, all through an integrative and coherent way.
Identifying structural breaks and growth regimes in middle eastern economies
(2020) Öztürk, İlhan; Masood, Tariq; Malik, Mushtaq Ahmad
This study is an attempt to empirically determine structural breaks ineconomic growth of selected Middle Eastern countries. We combined the sta-tistical approach with a subjective approach to identify break points in thegrowth process during the period 1970–2016. Thereby, we try to classify breaksinto up-breaks and down-breaks resulting into different regimes ranging fromstagnation to strong growth. In a sample of 17 countries examined, 15 countriesexhibited significant breaks in trend function of growth process as per the fitand filter approach. We found total 41 plausible breaks – 19 up breaks and22 down breaks. Moreover, the spatial distribution of breaks shows that over68% of the breaks are reported from oil-rich countries while as 31% from non-oil. The paper highlights the key point that growth performance of the MiddleEastern countries is very volatile and gambles in the alternating cycles ofcollapse, stagnation, moderate, rapid and strong growth
The asymmetric effects of fiscal and monetary policy instruments on Pakistan’s environmental pollution
(2020) Öztürk, İlhan; Ullah, Sana; Sohail, Sidra
Abstract Maintaining a balance between environmental quality and economic growth is now one of the common goals of fiscal and monetary policies in developed and developing economies. This study examines the asymmetric impacts of fiscal and monetary policy instruments on environmental pollution in Pakistan over the period 1985–2019 by employing the asymmetric or nonlinear autoregressive distributed lag (NARDL) framework. The outcomes indicate that in Pakistan, a positive and negative shock in fiscal policy instruments has a significant increasing influence on carbon emissions in the short run, while a positive and negative shock in fiscal policy instruments has a significant decreasing impact on environmental pollution in long run. However, negative and positive shock in monetary policy instruments enhances carbon emissions in short-run, whereas positive shock in monetary policy instruments decreases carbon emissions in the long run. Therefore, the policymakers may consider the usage of fiscal and monetary policy instruments to maintain economic growth along with lowering the environmental pollution.
Dynamics between disaggregates of governance and stock market performance in selected South Asia countries
(2020) Öztürk, İlhan; Ahmed, Khalid; Khan, Bareerah
This study explores the dynamics between disaggregated factors of governance and stock market development for the panel of selected South Asian countries (i.e., Bangladesh, India, Pakistan and Sri Lanka). Using newly developed data for disaggregates of governance with annual frequency between 1996 and 2014, this study pioneers in South Asian context. Doing so, this study incorporates dynamic panel data technique pool mean group estimation for robust and policy oriented outcomes. The empirical results show that three indicators of governance (control of corruption, accountability and rule of law) have a positive and statistically significant impact on stock market development. The results of long-run estimations are homogenous across the countries but, the short-run estimates, and the speed of adjustment towards the long-run equilibrium are found to be heterogeneous. It could be due to volatility effect of governance in each cross section country. From the policy perspective, the study concludes that the institutional quality and governance are the significant factors on market capitalization in the panel countries. The institutional factors (i.e., control of corruption, accountability and rule of law) support stock market development through high market capitalization, strengthens investor's confidence for long term investment in the countries.
Renewable vs non-renewable energy consumption as a driver of government deficit in net energy importing countries
(2020) Öztürk, İlhan; Tugcu, Can Tansel; Menegaki, Angeliki
This paper is an empirical study on the relationship between renewable and nonrenewable energy sources on the central government budget deficit of 33 net energy importing energy countries. We employ a panel data framework with variables such as the budget deficit of the central government, the GDP per capita, the average official exchange rate, the real interest rate, renewable and non-renewable energy consumption for a data span from 2000 to 2012. Based on causality results from this study, there is a uni-directional effect from budget deficit towards renewable energy consumption and a bi-directional causal relationship between non-renewable energy consumption and the budget deficit. Results from our study are informative for policy making, since nowadays fiscal policy on energy consumption is worldwide disputed, for not being able to fully achieve its targets. Therefore, there is political willingness to re-design it and move it from energy subsidies and energy taxes into energy full cost pricing and other tools that aim to reach those social groups that are in more need.
The case of China’s fiscal decentralization and eco-efficiency: is it worthwhile or just a bootless errand?
(2020) Öztürk, İlhan; Ahmad, Fayyaz; Xua, Hui; Draz, Muhammad Umar; Chandio, Abbas Ali; Wang, Yanping; Zhang, Dawei
During the last two decades, China has made commendable efforts to control environmental pollution and promote sustainable development. Empowering local governments regarding their budgets is an example of such efforts. Although China’s fiscal decentralization (FD) stimulated inter-regional economic competition, environmental pollution also came along as a byproduct. Considering these dynamics, this study aims to investigate the association between the FD and the eco-efficiency of 99 prefecture-level cities from China’s top ten urban agglomerations from 2003 to 2016. We investigated the issue of crosssectional dependence among the panel variables and, to check the stationary properties of our data, applied the second generation Pesaran and Cross-sectional augmented Im, Pesaran, and Shin unit root tests. Subsequently, to check the possible impact of FD on eco-efficiency, we applied both Difference Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) and System GMM with the help of several control variables. The results indicated that FD improved eco-efficiency for the overall sample cities; however, this impact varied among different regions of China. The regional analyses confirmed that FD improved eco-efficiency in the eastern and central parts of China, whereas the relationship was negative in the western region. Our results also confirm that irrational use of resources for economic development reduces eco-efficiency. However, sustainable economic development has a positive and significant impact on eco-efficiency. The negative impact of foreign direct investment and secondary industry was also more significant than was that of population density. Our study presents important policy implications for both central and local governments in China, which include an increase in decentralization and eco-efficiency practices and control over foreign investments, lead towards environmental pollution
Investigating the Environmental Kuznets Curve hypothesis in Kenya: A multivariate analysis
(2020) Öztürk, İlhan; Sarkodi, Samuel Asumadu
In the quest towards a cleaner environment via the mitigation of climate change and its impact, this study examined the validity of the environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) hypothesis, energy efficiency and energy consumption indicators in Kenya. The study employed an autoregressive distributed lag technique, statistically inspired modification of partial least squares regression and Utest method to analyze four models with data spanning 1971 to 2013. Both the autoregressive distributed lag model and the Utest estimation confirmed an inverted u-shaped curve, thus, validating the environmental Kuznets curve hypothesis in Kenya. The study revealed that an increase in energy consumption exacerbates carbon dioxide emissions in the long-run. The statistically inspired modification of partial least squares regression revealed that electricity from renewable energy sources plays a critical role in carbon dioxide emission reduction. An increase in GDP per capita and household consumption expenditure increases energy consumption. Energy imports had no long-run effect due to the recent oil discovery, coal, prospects of nuclear energy and the potential for more renewable energy sources in Kenya. The study highlights that using sustainable technologies like, inter alia, carbon capture and storage in the exploitation of oil and coal are essential to reducing pollution. Rural-urban migration increases the burden on electric power consumption, thus, reducing energy efficiency if conservation options are not enforced. As a policy implication, engaging the public on energy conservation and management options will help curb energy challenges like load shedding — which appears troubling in Africa.
The participation of children in caregiving of their siblings with special needs and peer relationship in rural Turkey
(2020) Kale, Mustafa; Dikici Siğirtmaç, Ayperi
This article examines the participation process of elder siblings in caregiving for their siblings with special needs and how this participation process reflects in their peer relationships in rural context in Turkey. This study was carried out as a case study, which is one of the qualitative methods and as a data collection tool a semi-structured interview form was used. The participants of the study consist of the elder sisters and brothers of children in preschool period who have disabilities with various types and degrees. When the findings of the study are examined, it is seen that the elder siblings are responsible for and actively involved in the caregiving practices of their younger siblings in rural context in Turkey. The roles and responsibilities taken on by the elder siblings can shorten the period of their interaction with their peers
The caregiving practices of nomadic Yuruk Turkmen families for their children in terms of developmental well-being: an ecocultural perspective
(2020) Kale, Mustafa; Aslan. Durmuş
This study was conducted in order to investigate the caregiving practices of nomadic Yuruk Turkmen (NYT) families for their children for developmental well-being in view of ecocultural theory perspective. The ethnography method was used in order to investigate the caregiving practices of NYT families in physical and social environment in detail. The sample consists of four NYT children and their family members who take part and responsibility in caregiving practices. As data collection tools observation, interview, ethnographic photographs, and the researcher’s diary were used. The findings indicate that the practices of sheltering, nutrition, sleeping, cleanliness, and health are shaped by factors such as nomadic life style, physical and social environment and livelihood sources. Children participate in production activities from an early age. They also take some responsibilities in the care of their siblings. Within environmental possibilities, care givers possess false caregiving practices although they carry out practical and effective ones.

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