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Yazar "Shahbaz, Muhammad" seçeneğine göre listele

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    A visualization review analysis of the last two decades for environmental Kuznets curve "EKC" based on co-citation analysis theory and pathfinder network scaling algorithms
    (SPRINGER HEIDELBERG, 2021) Öztürk, İlhan; Koondhar, Mansoor Ahmed; Shahbaz, Muhammad; Memon, Kamran Ali; Kong, Rong
    Environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) is a statistical tool to examine the cointegration and causality nexus between economic growth and carbon emissions. The EKC is widely used in energy and environmental economics studies. Although a large number of researchers have analyzed the EKC by applying different statistical models, some review work has been summarized to draw a pictorial view of extending studies in this research field. However, still, the macroscopic overview needs to be considered. Therefore, this study aims to contribute to the literature for finding a new pathway for further research employing, and to facilitate this research, scientometric analysis is carried out by feature in CiteSpace. The dataset was screened and found 2384 records out of 59,225 Web of Science (WoS) references, and the records for the timespan 1999–2019 was used to visualize the knowledge map and outcome of the scientific enterprise. The visualization results reveal the most influencing studies, institutions, authors, countries, keywords, and category cloud, in the research field of EKC. This article reveals that the research on EKC in alignment with green and sustainable technology science requires more attention. Further, this article would help authors and publishers make their decisions for the research of EKC and planning for future perspectives to contribute to academic development and applied methodology.
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    Are fluctuations in coal consumption per capita temporary? Evidence from developed and developing economies
    (Pergamon-elsevıer scıence ltd, 2014) Shahbaz, Muhammad; Tiwari, Aviral Kumar; Jam, Farooq Ahmed; Öztürk, İlhan
    This paper investigates the unit root properties of coal consumption per capita for the 47 developed and developing countries for 1965-2010 period. To examine the stationary properties of coal consumption per capita, Lagrange multiplier (LM) unit root test with one break and two breaks Crash model has been utilized. According to empirical results, the coal consumption is stationary in almost all the countries analyzed. Thus, if the coal consumption is mean (or trend) reverting, then it follows that the series will return to its mean value (or trend path) and it might be possible to forecast future movements in the coal consumption based on past behaviors of the series. For the policy makers, it is not necessary to pay attention to coal consumption excepting for Indian and Italian. However, for the researchers it is important to take into account the stationarity property of coal consumption and also structural breaks (should be modeled) in their future studies.
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    Are fluctuations in electricity consumption per capita transitory? Evidence from developed and developing economies
    (PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD, 2013) Shahbaz, Muhammad; Tiwari, Aviral Kumar; Öztürk, İlhan; Farooq, Abdul
    This paper investigates the unit root properties of electricity consumption per capita of 67 developed and developing countries for the period 1971-2010. To examine the stationary properties of electricity consumption per capita, we have adopted Lee and Strazicich (2003,2004) test of unit root that allows us to test for at most two endogenous breaks and uses the Lagrange Multiplier (LM) test statistics. Results show that 65 country series reject the unit root null hypothesis except for 2 country series. Thus, our empirical findings provide significant evidence that electricity consumption per capita is stationary in almost all countries considered. The stationarity of electricity consumption per capita indicates that it should be possible for the series to forecast future movements in the energy consumption based on the past behaviors of the series.
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    Do coal consumption and industrial development increase environmental degradation in China and India?
    (sprınger Heıdelberg, 2015) Shahbaz, Muhammad; Farhani, Sahbi; Öztürk, İlhan
    The present study is aimed to explore the relationship between coal consumption, industrial production, and CO2 emissions in China and India for the period of 1971-2011. The structural break unit root test and cointegrating approach have been applied. The direction of causal relationship between the variables is investigated by applying the VECM Granger causality test. Our results validate the presence of cointegration among the series in both countries. Our results also validate the existence of inverted U-shaped curve between industrial production and CO2 emissions for India, but for China, it is a U-shaped relationship. Coal consumption adds in CO2 emissions. The causality analysis reveals that industrial production and coal consumption Granger cause CO2 emissions in India. In the case of China, the feedback effect exists between coal consumption and CO2 emissions. Due to the importance of coal in China and India, any reduction in coal consumption will negatively affect their industrial value added as well as economic growth.
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    Does urbanization cause increasing energy demand in Pakistan? Empirical evidence from STIRPAT model
    (Pergamon-Elsevıer Scıence ltd, 2017) Shahbaz, Muhammad; Chaudhary, A. R.; Öztürk, İlhan
    This paper reinvestigates the relationship between urbanization and energy consumption in case of Pakistan for the period of 1972Q1-2011Q4 by employing the STIRPAT (Stochastic Impact by Regression on Population, Affluence and Technology) model. We have employed the ARDL bounds testing approach to cointegration in the presence of structural breaks stemming in the series to count for these missing elements in other studies. Finally, the VECM Granger causality approach has been applied to examine the causal relationship between the variables. Our results show that urbanization adds in energy consumption. Affluence (economic growth) increases energy demand. Technology has positive impact on energy consumption. An increase in transportation is positively linked with energy consumption. The causality analysis indicates the unidirectional causality running from urbanization to energy consumption.
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    Economic growth, electricity consumption, urbanization and environmental degradation relationship in United Arab Emirates
    (ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV, 2014) Shahbaz, Muhammad; Sbia, Rashid; Hamdi, Helmi; Öztürk, İlhan
    The present study explores the relationship between economic growth, electricity consumption, urbanization and environmental degradation in case of United Arab Emirates (UAE). The study covers the quarter frequency data over the period of 1975-2011. We have applied the ARDL bounds testing approach to examine the long run relationship between the variables in the presence of structural breaks. The VECM Granger causality is applied to investigate the direction of causal relationship between the variables. Our empirical exercise reported the existence of cointegration among the series. Further, we found an inverted U-shaped relationship between economic growth and CO2 emissions i.e. economic growth raises energy emissions initially and declines it after a threshold point of income per capita (EKC exists). Electricity consumption declines CO2 emissions. The relationship between urbanization and CO2 emissions is positive. Exports seem to improve the environmental quality by lowering CO2 emissions. The causality analysis validates the feedback effect between CO2 emissions and electricity consumption. Economic growth and urbanization Granger cause CO2 emissions
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    Economic growth, financial development, urbanisation and electricity consumption nexus in UAE
    (ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD, 2017) Sbia, Rashid; Shahbaz, Muhammad; Öztürk, İlhan
    This study aims to explore the relationship between economic growth, urbanisation, financial development and electricity consumption in United Arab Emirates for the period 1975-2011. The ARDL bounds testing approach is employed to examine the long-run relationship between the variables in the presence of structural breaks. The VECM Granger causality is applied to investigate the direction of causal relationships between the variables. Our empirical exercise validated the cointegration between the series in the case of United Arab Emirates. Further, results reveal that an inverted U-shaped relationship is found between economic growth and electricity consumption. Financial development adds in electricity consumption. The relationship between urbanisation and electricity consumption is also an inverted U-shaped. This implies that urbanisation increases electricity consumption initially and, after a threshold level of urbanisation, electricity demand falls. The causality analysis finds feedback hypothesis between economic growth and electricity consumption, i.e. economic growth and electricity consumption are interdependent. The bidirectional causality is found between financial development and electricity consumption. Economic growth and urbanisation Granger cause each other. The feedback hypothesis is also found between urbanisation and financial development, financial development and economic growth, and the same is true for electricity consumption and urbanisation.
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    Environmental Kuznets Curve hypothesis and the role of globalization in selected African countries
    (ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV, 2016) Shahbaz, Muhammad; Solarin, Sakiru Adebola; Öztürk, İlhan
    The present study incorporates globalization and energy intensity into the CO2 emissions function and investigates the presence of Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) in 19 African countries for the time period of 1971-2012. We have applied the ARDL bounds testing approach for cointegration to examine the long run relationship in the variables. Our results confirmed the presence of cointegration between the series in Africa, Algeria, Angola, Cameroon, Congo Republic, Ghana, Kenya, Libya, Morocco, Nigeria, South Africa, Sudan, Tanzania, Togo, Tunisia, Zambia and Zimbabwe. The results indicated the positive effect of energy intensity on CO2 emissions in Africa, Algeria, Angola, Cameroon, Congo Republic, Ghana, Kenya, Libya, Morocco, Nigeria, South Africa, Sudan, Togo, and Tunisia while energy intensity declines CO2 emissions in the case of Zambia and Zimbabwe. Globalization decreases CO2 emissions in Africa, Angola, Cameroon, Congo Republic, Egypt, Kenya, Libya, Tunisia and Zambia but increases CO2 emissions in Ghana, Morocco, South Africa, Sudan and Tanzania. The EKC exists in Africa, Algeria, Cameroon, Congo Republic, Morocco, Tunisia and Zambia but U-shaped relationship is found between economic growth and CO2 emissions in Sudan and Tanzania.
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    Environmental Kuznets curve in an open economy: A bounds testing and causality analysis for Tunisia
    (Pergamon-Elsevıer Scıence ltd, 2014) Shahbaz, Muhammad; Khraief, Naceur; Uddin, Gazi Salah; Öztürk, İlhan
    The environmental Kuznets curve hypothesis posits that in the early stages of economic growth environmental degradation and pollution increase. However, as a nation reaches a certain level of income, measured in per capita terms, the trend reverses. The postulated relationship thus produces an inverted U-shaped curve. The topic has drawn much academic interest in the context of developed and emerging nations. The aim of this paper is to investigate the existence of environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) in case of Tunisia using annual time series data for the period of 1971-2010. The ARDL bounds testing approach to cointegration is applied to test long run relationship in the presence of structural breaks and vector error correction model (VECM) to detect the direction of causality among the variables. The robustness of causality analysis has been tested by applying the innovative accounting approach (IAA). The findings of this paper confirmed long run relationship between economic growth, energy consumption, trade openness and CO2 emissions. The results also indicated the existence of EKC confirmed by the VECM and IAA approaches. The study has significant contribution for policy implications to curtail energy pollutants by implementing environment friendly regulations to sustain economic development in Tunisia.
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    Modelling trade and climate change policy: a strategic framework for global environmental negotiators
    (Iwa Publıshıng, 2016) Ahmed, Khalid; Ahmed, Naveed; Shahbaz, Muhammad; Öztürk, İlhan; Long, Wei
    In the past, failure of trade-climate talks might have created negative signs, but international trade actually induces more participation and helps to attain joint agreement. Carbon permit trading has a key role to play in the abatement process. Participation in global multilateral negotiations and a country's self-interest with respect to entering an abatement process depends upon either the scale of climate change damage or the punishment level that affects its economy. Thus, this study assumes N good cases for countries that have substantial emission levels. We analyse the change in utility function through a business-as-usual scenario for both group and individual country levels. The model designed in this study examines the data on emissions and gross domestic product (GDP) for selected developing and developed countries and the rest of the world. The data calibrations are similar to the previous studies. However, this study extends the model to a strategic level at which countries can choose coalition partners to undertake abatement for mutual benefits, considering the terms of trade. The results possess strong trade-environment policy options and help them to reach certain multilateral agreement.
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    Revisiting the environmental Kuznets curve in a global economy
    (PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD, 2013) Shahbaz, Muhammad; Öztürk, İlhan; Afza, Talat; Ali, Amjad
    The present study deals with an empirical investigation between CO2 emissions, energy intensity, economic growth and globalization using annual data over the period of 1970-2010 for Turkish economy. We applied unit root test and cointegration approach in the presence of structural breaks. The direction of causality between the variables is investigated by applying the VECM Granger causality approach. Our results confirmed the existence of cointegration between the series. The empirical evidence reported that energy intensity and economic growth (globalization) increase (condense) CO2 emissions. The results also validated the presence of environmental Kuznets curve (EKC). The causality analysis shows bidirectional causality between economic growth and CO2 emissions. This implies that economic growth can be boosted at the cost of environment
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    Revisiting the relationship between carbon emission, renewable energy consumption, forestry, and agricultural financial development for China
    (Springer Heidelberg, 2021) Koondhar, Mansoor Ahmed; Shahbaz, Muhammad; Ozturk, Ilhan; Randhawa, Abid Ali; Kong, Rong
    Globally, the use of modern technologies is increasing along with carbon emission due to the consumption of fossil fuels to operate modern technologies. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to investigate the relationship between carbon emission, renewable energy consumption, forestry, and agricultural value added per capita from 1998 to 2018. The auto-regressive distribution lag model was estimated for long-run and short-run correlation analysis. The results of this study revealed that carbon emission decreases owed increases in forest areas in the long and well as short-run nexus. Furthermore, in the short run, carbon emission decreases due to an increase in renewable energy consumption. In addition, the carbon emission was run in an upward direction parallel to agricultural financial development. Furthermore, this study confirmed that the unidirectional causality between variables by estimating the non-Granger causality test. Therefore, this study suggests that to combat carbon emissions with carbon emission, it is necessary to switch from nonrenewable energy to renewable energies and organic fertilizer consumption along with afforestation to make the climate free from carbon.
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    Testing the environmental kuznets curve hypothesis in Portugal
    (Econjournals, 2015) Shahbaz, Muhammad; Dube, Smile; Öztürk, İlhan; Jalil, Abdul
    This paper provides empirical evidence of an environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) hypothesis for Portugal by applying autoregressive distributed lag bounds testing approach from 1971 to 2008. In order to capture Portugal’s historical experience, demographic changes and international trade on carbon emissions, we augment the traditional income-emissions model with variables such as energy consumption, urbanization, and trade openness in time series framework. Empirical results confirm the evidence of EKC hypothesis in both the short-run and long-run. All variables carry the expected signs except trade openness. Despite the success of Portugal in containing CO2 emissions so far, it is important to note that in recent years, carbon emissions have risen. In order to comply with the 1992 Kyoto Protocol on CO2 emissions, there is need for policies that focus on the sectors responsible for CO2 emissions.
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    The financial development-environmental degradation nexus in the United Arab Emirates: the importance of growth, globalization and structural breaks
    (2020) Öztürk, İlhan; Shahbaz, Muhammad; Sohag, Kazi
    This article revisits the nexus between financial development and environmental degradation by incorporating economic growth, electricity consumption and economic globalization in the CO2 emissions function for the period 1975QI–2014QIV in the United Arab Emirates. We apply structural break and cointegration tests to examine unit root and cointegration between the variables. Further, the article also uses the Toda-Yamamoto causality test to investigate the causal relationship between the variables and tests the linkages of the robustness of causality by following the innovative accounting approach. Our empirical analysis shows cointegration between the series. Financial development increases CO2 emissions. Economic growth is positively linked with environmental degradation. Electricity consumption improves environmental quality. Economic globalization affects CO2 emissions negatively. The relationship between financial development and CO2 emissions is U-shaped and inverted N-shaped. Further, financial development leads to environmental degradation, and environmental degradation in turn leads to financial development in the Granger sense.

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