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    The Druze of Mount Lebanon Under Ottoman Domination: Administrative and Demographic Structure
    (Cag University, 2024) Bolat, Ercan
    This study examines the families, taxes and population of the Druze living in Mount Lebanon under Ottoman rule in the 19th century, who had a say in the regional administration. Lebanon and its surroundings, which were annexed to Ottoman territory in the 16th century, were divided into various geographical regions over time. There were different districts in Mount Lebanon where the Druze lived with dense or sparse populations. In these districts, the Druze sometimes formed a minority and sometimes the majority of the regional population. In Mount Lebanon, which had a special importance and privilege in Ottoman rule, the Druze were in a different position than other ethnic groups. The Druze, who adopted Ottoman rule, generally remained loyal to the state and fulfilled their service and tax obligations. In the Mount Lebanon region, some influential Druze families also took part in the administrative structure. The Ottoman tax system consisted of taxes collected on income from agricultural and commercial activities. In addition, the jizya tax, which provided an important source of income for the Ottoman treasury, was also collected from non-Muslim subjects. Since the Druze were considered non-Muslim subjects, they were subject to this tax. This region, which had a privileged structure in the Ottoman administrative structure, was governed by governors appointed from the center, and with the arrangements made in later periods, important Druze families also took part in the administrative structure. The emirate system implemented in the region brought some Druze families to the forefront. These families played an important role in shaping the political and economic life of Mount Lebanon.