Yazar "Al-mulali, Usama" seçeneğine göre listele

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    Determinants of pollution and the role of the military sector: evidence from a maximum likelihood approach with two structural breaks in the USA
    (SPRINGER HEIDELBERG, 2018) Solarin, Sakiru Adebola; Al-mulali, Usama; Öztürk, İlhan
    We investigate the role of military expenditure on emission in USA during the period 1960-2015. To achieve the objectives of this study, two measures of military expenditure are utilised, while several timeseries models are constructed with the gross domestic product (GDP) per capita, population, energy consumption per capita, non-renewable energy consumption per capita, renewable energy consumption per capita, urbanisation, trade openness and financial development serving as additional determinants of air pollution. We also use ecological indicator as an alternative measure of pollution. Moreover, different timeseries methods are utilised including a likelihood-based approach with two structural breaks. The output of this research concluded that all the variables are cointegrated. It is found that military expenditure has mixed impact on CO2 emissions. Real GDP per capita, energy consumption per capita, non-renewable energy consumption per capita, population and urbanisation increase CO2 emissions per capita in the long-run, while renewable energy consumption, financial development and trade openness reduce it. There is also evidence for the mixed role of military expenditure, when ecological footprint is utilised as the environmental degradation index. From the output of this research, few policy recommendations are offered for the examined country.
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    Does financial development reduce environmental degradation? Evidence from a panel study of 129 countries
    (SPRINGER HEIDELBERG, 2015) Al-mulali, Usama; Tang, Chor Foon; Öztürk, İlhan
    The purpose of this study is to explore the effect of financial development on CO2 emission in 129 countries classified by the income level. A panel CO2 emission model using urbanisation, GDP growth, trade openness, petroleum consumption and financial development variables that are major determinants of CO2 emission was constructed for the 1980-2011 period. The results revealed that the variables are cointegrated based on the Pedroni cointegration test. The dynamic ordinary least squares (OLS) and the Granger causality test results also show that financial development can improve environmental quality in the short run and long run due to its negative effect on CO2 emission. The rest of the determinants, especially petroleum consumption, are determined to be the major source of environmental damage in most of the income group countries. Based on the results obtained, the investigated countries should provide banking loans to projects and investments that can promote energy savings, energy efficiency and renewable energy to help these countries reduce environmental damage in both the short and long run.
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    Does moving towards renewable energy cause water and land inefficiency? An empirical investigation (vol 93, pg 303, 2016)
    (Elsevier Sci Ltd, 2017) Al-mulali, Usama; Solarin, Sakiru Adebola; Sheau-Ting, Low; Ozturk, Ilhan
    [Abstract Not Available]
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    Does moving towards renewable energy causes water and land inefficiency? An empirical investigation
    (ELSEVIER SCI LTD, 2016) Al-mulali, Usama; Solarin, Sakiru Adebola; Sheau-Ting, Low; Öztürk, İlhan
    This study investigates the effect of renewable energy production on water and land footprint in 58 developed and developing countries for the period of 1980-2009. Utilizing the ecological footprint as an indicator, the fixed effects, difference and system generalized method of moment (GMM) approaches were employed and eight different models were constructed to achieve robustness in the empirical outcomes. Despite the use of different methods and models, the outcome was the same whereby GDP growth, urbanization, and trade openness increase the water and land footprint. Moreover, renewable energy production increases the water and land inefficiency because of its positive effect on ecological footprint. Additionally, based on the square of GDP it is concluded that the EKC hypothesis does not exist while the square of renewable energy production indicates that renewable energy production will continue to increase water and land footprint in the future. From the outcome of this study, a number of recommendations were provided to the investigated countries.
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    Estimating the environment Kuznets Curve hypothesis: evidence from Latin America and the caribbean countries
    (PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD, 2015) Al-mulali, Usama; Tang, Chor Foon; Öztürk, İlhan
    This study explores the effect of economic growth (GDP), renewable energy consumption (RE) and financial development (FD) on CO2 emission (CO2) in Latin America and Caribbean countries. To achieve this goal, a panel CO2 model was built over the period 1980-2010. The Kao cointegration test results revealed that the variables are cointegrated. The Fully Modified OLS (FMOLS) results indicated an inverted U-shape relationship between CO2 and GDP, thus confirming the Environmental Kuznets Curve hypothesis. Furthermore, FMOLS results also revealed that FD can improve environmental quality by its negative long-run effect on CO2. However, RE has no long-run effect on CO2 indicating that the RE does not contribute to CO2 reduction. The VECM Granger causality results revealed feedback causality between GDP, RE, FD and CO2 in both short- and long-run. Additionally, Granger causality results also revealed that RE, GDP, and FD can be a good solution to reduce environmental damage since they have a causal effect on CO2. This study shows the investigated countries should increase their banking loans on green energy, energy efficiency and energy saving projects to reduce environmental damage. In addition, the above recommendation can increase the contribution of renewable energy in reducing environmental damage .
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    Examining the asymmetric effects of stock markets on Malaysia’s air pollution: a nonlinear ARDL approach
    (2019) Öztürk, İlhan; Al-mulali, Usama; Solarin, Sakiru Adebola
    The objective of this research is to examine the effects of stock market on air pollution in Malaysia during the period 1980–2017. To realize this aim, a nonlinear autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) model is constructed. The short results in general revealed that the increase in stock markets will increase CO2 emissions and its significance increases in the long run. Moreover, the decline in stock market will reduce Malaysia’s CO2 emissions but only in the long run. From the outcomes obtained, a number of policy recommendations were provided for the investigated country.
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    Investigating the asymmetry effects of crude oil price on renewable energy consumption in the United States
    (Springer Heidelberg, 2022) Sahu, Pritish Kumar; Solarin, Sakiru Adebola; Al-mulali, Usama; Ozturk, Ilhan
    The reduction in oil prices might make crude oil a cheaper alternative to renewable energy (RE). Given this, the present paper examines the effect of fluctuation of oil prices on the use of RE in the United States (US) during the period 1970 to 2018. We constructed two nonlinear autoregressive distributed lag (NARDL) models to examine the effect of the positive and negative oil price shocks on the use of RE in the US. The RE consumption is taken as the dependent variable and the gross domestic product (GDP), Brent crude prices, population density, trade openness, and price index as independent variables. The result revealed that the rise in crude oil price, GDP, and population density will increase RE use in the short run and in the long run as well. Moreover, the study finds that any decrease in oil prices will decrease RE use in the short run and its effect will eventually diminish in the long run. On the policy front, it is suggested that US should raise its energy security by reducing its dependency on imported crude oil and increase the role of RE through the imposition of taxes on oil and increase the base of production and consumption through a series of measures.
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    The nexus between environmental performance and economic growth: New evidence from the Middle East and North Africa region
    (Elsevier Sci Ltd, 2022) Sheikhzeinoddin, Azar; Tarazkar, Mohammad Hassan; Behjat, Amirmohsen; Al-mulali, Usama; Ozturk, Ilhan
    Due to the importance of the environmental impacts of human activities on sustainable growth, the effect of environmental performance on economic growth was investigated for the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) countries from 2000 to 2015. Therefore, the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis is investigated using a Composite Index of Environmental Performance (CIEP) and Panel Autoregressive Distributed Lag (Panel ARDL) approach. The CIEP model is based on the Driving Force-Pressure-State-Exposure-Effects-Action (DPSEEA) framework and is generated by 19 indicators. The results of this study showed that the driving forces and pressure have negative impacts on environmental performance, thereby reducing the number of available re-sources. In addition, the results revealed that actions increase life expectancy while reducing the mortality rate and environmental impact. The average CIEP revealed that among MENA countries, Iran (-0.226), Algeria (-0.168), and Yemen (-0.134) had the lowest amounts, while Emirate (0.036), Kuwait (0.036), and Qatar (0.033) had the highest values. The results of the panel data model revealed a cubic polynomial correlation and an N-shaped pattern between economic growth and CIEP. Therefore, MENA countries must pay attention to sustainable development to preserve the environment.